chmod Generator
Generate Unix chmod permissions visually. Toggle read, write, and execute for owner, group, and others. Get numeric, symbolic, and command output. Free, 100% in your browser.
| Read | Write | Execute | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Owner | |||
| Group | |||
| Others |
Reference
What is chmod?
chmod (change mode) is a Unix/Linux command that sets file and directory permissions. Every file has three permission groups — owner (u), group (g), and others (o) — each with three permission types: read (r=4), write (w=2), and execute (x=1). The numeric (octal) representation sums these values per group: 755 means owner=rwx (7), group=r-x (5), others=r-x (5).
Common permission values
755 — rwxr-xr-x. Standard for directories and executable scripts. Owner can do everything; others can read and execute. 644 — rw-r--r--. Standard for regular files. Owner can read/write; others can only read. 700 — rwx------. Private. Only the owner has access. 777 — rwxrwxrwx. Full access for everyone (avoid on production servers). 600 — rw-------. Private file. Only owner can read/write. 444 — r--r--r--. Read-only for everyone.
Common use cases
Web servers — set correct permissions for files (644) and directories (755). Scripts — make scripts executable with chmod 755 or chmod +x. Security — restrict access to sensitive files like SSH keys (600) or .env files. Deployment — fix "permission denied" errors by setting correct permissions. Shared hosting — configure permissions for web-accessible files.
Privacy
All calculations run 100% in your browser. No data is sent to any server.